Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population. Methods AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29), New Zealand (four), and Vietnam (ten). Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2–15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web-based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921. Findings Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532), New Zealand (n=42), and Vietnam (n=706), of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48·1). At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97%) patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99%) in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0·94, 95% CI 0·76–1·15; p=0·53). Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3%] vs seven [1%]; p=0·018), bone fractures (19 [3%] vs six [1%]; p=0·014), and epileptic seizures (ten [2%] vs two [<1%]; p=0·038) at 6 months. Interpretation Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke

Early Paleozoic or Early-Middle Triassic collision between the South China and Indochina Blocks: The controversy resolved? Structural insights from the Kon Tum massif (Central Vietnam)

International audienceIn Central Vietnam, the Kontum massif is subdivided from North to South into: (i) Kham Duc, (ii) Ngoc Linh, (iii) Kan Nack complexes. The Kham Duc complex consists of metapelite, metapsammite, paragneiss, metagabbro, amphibolite, serpentinized ultramafic, and orthogneiss blocks. The southern part of this complex experienced an Early Paleozoic crustal melting event responsible for migmatites and anatectic granites. The Ngoc Linh complex, the largest one, is formed by metatexite and granitoid enclosing blocks of eclogite, high pressure (HP) granulite, orthogneiss, metagabbro, amphibolite, granodiorite, and migmatite. The Kan Nack complex is formed by migmatites with (ultra) high temperature (U)HT granulite, charnockites and enderbites. The three metamorphic complexes are intruded by per-aluminous granite, and subordinate mafic plutons. In spite of local variations, the foliation of the Ngoc Linh complex defines a bulk domal structure, and the stretching lineation consistently trends NW-SE. The NW-SE lineation is also observed in the tectonically overlying the Kan Nack complex. The Ngoc Linh and Kan Nack complexes are interpreted here as parts of a metamorphic core complex (MCC), or “Ngoc Linh MCC”, exhumed by a top-to-the-NW detachment fault. Along the northern margin of the Ngoc Linh MCC, upright folds with E-W striking axes, and E-W stretching lineation deform the foliation. These structures are developed in a transpressive regime coeval with the activity of plurikilometer-scale dextral strike-slip faults. Zircon and monazite U/Pb radiometric datings document a 250–240 Ma age for the crustal melting, and the top-to-the-NW ductile shearing coeval with the formation of the Ngoc Linh MCC. This extensional tectonics is followed by a dextral strike-slip faulting, at ca 240–230 Ma, before the emplacement of the two-mica granitic plutons at ca 240–224 Ma. Furthermore in the Ngoc Linh and Kan Nack complexes, zircon and monazite yield U-Pb Early Paleozoic ages. In the Kham Duc complex, a ca 460 Ma MP/MT, garnet-biotite-staurolite-kyanite metamorphism, followed by migmatites at ca 450 Ma, is also recognized. The 420–400 Ma age of the Dai Loc plutonic suite, and the 450–425 Ma age of the Dien Binh calc-alkaline granodiorite document an Early Paleozoic event. The Early Paleozoic mafic and ultramafic masses of the Hiep Duc complex are ophiolites included into a metasedimentary matrix. Thus, the Kham Duc complex is interpreted as a tectonic mélange formed during a collisional orogeny that subsequently underwent crustal melting giving rise to the migmatites. A part of the Early Paleozoic rocks are enclosed as xenoliths in the Triassic migmatite of the Ngoc Linh MCC. These petrologic, structural, and chronological features allow us to propose the following geodynamic evolution for the Kontum massif. During the Early Paleozoic, a continental collision, which was accommodated by a north-directed subduction of a southern block (S. Vietnam, or Viet-Cambodia block) below a northern block (N. Vietnam or Viet-Lao block), occurred along the Tam Ky-Phuoc Son suture. During the Early Triassic, at ca 250–245 Ma, the S. Vietnam block experienced a crustal melting giving rise to the Ngoc Linh MCC that reworked the Early Paleozoic orogen. Lastly, during the Middle Triassic, the dextral faulting superimposed upon the Ngoc Linh migmatite. The geodynamic significance of the Kontum massif is discussed in the general framework of Indochina- South China relationships. The Early Paleozoic collision in Vietnam is viewed as the driving force responsible for the development of the intracontinental orogeny of S. China. In order to account for the important heat flow required for the formation of UHT metamorphic rocks, a possible interaction between the SCB-Indochina collision, and the Emeishan mantle plume is proposed

Exploration of Youth’s Digital Competencies: A Dataset in the Educational Context of Vietnam

The recent surge of the Fourth Industrial Revolution has set forth demands for a new generation of the labor force with a comprehensive set of skills to meet the standards of the global market. Despite widespread concerns about educational reforms and renovations to enhance the workforce capacity in terms of information and communication technology (ICT) skills, research into the digital proficiencies of students has been limited in Vietnam. This dataset contains 1061 observations on the digital competency level of 10th-grade students in 20 surveyed schools from five provinces in Vietnam. The investigation, joining frequentist and Bayesian analyses, aims to provide valuable insights into the current state of children&#8217;s attitudes, behaviors, competency levels, and use of ICT within the Vietnamese educational context. The values of the dataset lie in its proposed scientific framework for replication in multiple regions and contexts as well as the feasibility of categorical regression techniques together with Bayesian statistics for hierarchical regression analysis

Detrital Zircon U‐Pb Age Distribution and Hf Isotopic Constraints From the Terrigenous Sediments of the Song Chay Suture Zone (NE Vietnam) and Their Paleogeographic Implications on the Eastern Paleo‐Tethys Evolution

International audienceThe location of the suture zone between the South China Block (SCB) and the IndochinaBlock (IB) is disputed. Recently, along the Song Chay (Chay river) belt, a mélange zone was proposed asa potential suture zone of the SCB and IB. However, the provenance and age of the Song Chay mélangeis poorly known. In order to better constrain the age and provenance of the elements forming the SongChay mélange, nine samples of detrital material, and one orthogneiss were subjected to zircon U-Pband Hf isotope analysis. Detrital zircons from the silty matrix of the Song Chay mélange record threemajor Neoproterozoic age clusters at 580–650, 700–800, and 900–1,000 Ma, which correspond well to thesubstratum of the SCB. Two minor Late and Early Paleozoic age groups at 270–330, and 420–500 Ma,with mainly negative εHf(t) values were also recovered. We consider that the zircons in the matrix of themélange were mainly derived from the subducting plate, namely the SCB. This interpretation is supportedby the occurrence of lensoid sandstone blocks, representing the substratum of the SCB, included intothe mélange. The deposition age of the Song Chay mélange is between 310 and 250 Ma. Our resultsdemonstrate that in an ophiolitic mélange, the detrital material does not invariably come from theoverriding plate, but at the onset of the collision, the subducting continental plate may also supply theterrigenous material

Detrital zircon U Pb age distributions and Hf isotopic constraints of the Ailaoshan-Song Ma Suture Zone and their paleogeographic implications for the Eastern Paleo-Tethys evolution

International audienceDuring the Late Paleozoic to Cenozoic, with the closure of the Tethys oceans, the East and/or Southeast Asia was amalgamated by individual blocks. In order to understand the Paleogeography of the Eastern Paleo-Tethys, a systematic Usingle bondPb dating on 11 samples have conducted to constrain the age and provenance of the elements forming the Ailaoshan-Song Ma mélange. These samples consist of the ophiolitic mélange zone (6 samples), the sedimentary cover of the Indochina block (4 samples), and the post-orogenic continental deposits (1 samples). The achieved detrital zircon age distribution, and the corresponding in-situ Hf isotopic recorder allow us to discuss the provenances of the materials involved in the tectonic processes during the subduction and collision. Three units (M1, M2, M3), which stand for the different segment of the suture zone, could be separated based on the differences in zircon age clusters and Hf isotopic values. These differences might be due to the variety of provenances. Combined with the previous works, especially our work on the Song Chay mélange zone, we concluded that both upper and lower plates are potential provenances for the mélanges between South China block and Indochina block. Along the suture zone, the component of the mélange presents a significant heterogeneity

Heterogeneity of the Ailaoshan–Song Ma ophiolitic mélange and their palaeogeographic implications for the evolution of Eastern Palaeo-Tethys

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Corrigendum to Correlation among the Ailaoshan-Song Ma-Song Chay orogenic belts and implications for the evolution of the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean [Tectonophysics 843 (2022) 229618].

International audienceThe authors regret to inform that the original printed version of this article contains some errors about the funds. In this corrigendum, the authors state that the Grant Number (2021YFB23013013) should be removed from the Acknowledgments

Correlation among the Ailaoshan–Song Ma–Song Chay orogenic belts and implications for the evolution of the eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean

International audienceThe timing and mechanism of the combination between the South China Block (SCB) and the Indochina Block (IB) are controversial. Three ophiolitic mélange zones (Ailaoshan, Song Ma, and Song Chay) have been proposed as suture zones within this collisional orogen. However, the relationships among the three corresponding tectonic belts are unclear. In this study, we present detailed structural data for the three tectonic belts. The bulk architectures of the Ailaoshan, Song Ma, and Song Chay belts correlate well with one another. This similarity is also revealed by our new zircon Usingle bondPb geochronological results from the Song Ma and Song Chay ophiolites. The regional deformation age is constrained to between 250 and 240 Ma by our new muscovite 40Ar/39Ar ages, and the medium-low temperature conditions are revealed by the quartz c-axis fabric. Considering the transformation effect of the Cenozoic large-scale sinistral strike-slip of the RRF and DBF, the Early Mesozoic Ailaoshan, Song Ma, and Song Chay suture zones should represent different segments of the same belt. Based on this hypothesis, we compiled the ages of the magmatism in this region, which allows us to propose an evolutional model as follows: i) ~380–310 Ma continental rifting and subsequent Ailaoshan–Song Ma–Song Chay ocean spreading as a branch of the Paleo-Tethys, ii) ~310–250 Ma oceanic subduction coeval with continental-arc magmatism, iii) ~250–240 Ma continental collision, iv) ~240–220 Ma post-collisional extension